Interval-valued analysis for discriminative gene selection and tissue sample classification using microarray data

AbstractAn important application of gene expression data is to classify samples in a variety of diagnostic fields. However, high dimensionality and a small number of noisy samples pose significant challenges to existing classification methods. Focused on the problems of overfitting and sensitivity to noise of the dataset in the classification of microarray data, we propose an interval-valued analysis method based on a rough set technique to select discriminative genes and to use these genes to classify tissue samples of microarray data. We first select a small subset of genes based on interval-valued rough set by considering the preference-ordered domains of the gene expression data, and then classify test samples into certain classes with a term of similar degree. Experiments show that the proposed method is able to reach high prediction accuracies with a small number of selected genes and its performance is robust to noise

High Incidence and Endemic Spread of NDM-1-Positive Enterobacteriaceae in Henan Province, China

The emergence and spread of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1 (NDM-1)-producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) present an urgent threat to human health. In China, the blaNDM-1 gene has been reported mostly in Acinetobacter spp. but is rarely found in Enterobacteriaceae. Here, we report a high incidence and endemic spread of NDM-1-producing CRE in Henan Province in China. Sixteen (33.3%) of the 48 CRE isolates obtained from patients during June 2011 to July 2012 were positive for blaNDM-1, and the gene was found to be carried on plasmids of various sizes (∼55 to ∼360 kb). These plasmids were readily transferrable to recipient Escherichia coli by conjugation, conferred resistance to multiple antibiotics, and belonged to multiple replicon types. The blaNDM-1-positive CRE isolates were genetically diverse, and six new multilocus sequence typing (MLST) sequence types were linked to the carriage of NDM-1. Five of the isolates were classified as extensively drug-resistant (XDR) isolates, four of which also carried the fosA3 gene conferring resistance to fosfomycin, an alternative drug for treating infections by CRE. In each blaNDM-1-positive CRE isolate, the blaNDM-1 gene was downstream of an intact ISAba125 element and upstream of the bleMBL gene. Furthermore, gene environment analysis suggested the possible transmission of blaNDM-1-containing sequences from Acinetobacter spp. to Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca. These findings reveal the emergence and active transmission of NDM-1-positive CRE in China and underscore the need for heightened measures to control their further spread

Oscillation criteria for fourth-order nonlinear delay dynamic equations

We obtain criteria for the oscillation of all solutions to a fourth-order nonlinear delay dynamic equation on a time scale that is unbounded from above. The results obtained are illustrated with example

Application of the Multimedia Teaching System Based on Real-time Shooting and Production in Martial Art Course

as higher education goes deep continuously, teaching method has become an important research topic of teaching theory in recent years. Multimedia teaching is one of methods in teaching system. On this basis, this paper develops and designs a multimedia teaching system which can achieve shooting and production at any time, and applies it to teach Martial Art course. Besides, computer technology is applied to design an operable system and construct multimedia teaching system for Martial Art course. Then, by example verification of students in Martial Art class of a college and statistical analysis of data, preliminary trial of multimedia teaching is achieved in practical application. Thus, this paper verifies that multimedia teaching system which can achieve shooting and production at any time can improve teaching quality, and further expounds the function and significance of multimedia teaching method from learning attitude and learning effect

The Spatial Correlation Effect of Real-Estate Financial Risk in China: A Social Network Analysis

In this paper, we draw on real-estate finance data from 31 provinces in China over the period between 2006 and 2018 in order to develop a comprehensive index of real-estate finance risk. Our principal innovation lies in our use of the social network analysis method to portray the spatial correlation characteristics of real-estate financial risk dynamically. We find that (1) the spatial correlation effect of real-estate financial risks in China is increasing and exhibits multiple superposition characteristics and spatial spillover effects; (2) current trends in real-estate financial risk suggest that the eastern region has a strong contagion potential, that the middle region is highly vulnerable, and that the level of risk in the northwest is high; (3) the spatial network of real-estate financial risks in China can be divided into four functional blocks, namely a strong net-spillover block, a weak net-spillover block, a broker block, and a main damaged block. There is significant gradient transmission between them. The network structure of real-estate financial risks poses serious challenges to the formulation and implementation of regulatory policies. However, it creates favorable conditions for the construction of cross-regional risk prevention mechanisms as well as a practical basis for preventing systemic risks in the new era. (4) Meanwhile, the formation of a spillover network of real-estate financial risks is driven by the high dependence of local fiscal resources on land finance, not by local GDP growth

Application of Courseware Based on Information Retrieval Technology

distance teaching has become one of important approaches for people to acquire knowledge. However, due to time limit, it is very difficult for people to spare much time from work and life on distance teaching. Besides, for numerous employees, they have mastered some knowledge in their fields, so it is unnecessary to complete all courses of distance teaching. Thus, retrieval knowledge acquisition becomes very crucial. The author proposed a courseware teaching system with retrieval function which effectively solves courseware retrieval based on multimedia information such as image, audit and video. The author applied this system in actual teaching of “Sports Psychology” course, gained favorable teaching effect, and improved students’ learning efficiency and learning effect as well as their initiative and enthusiasm for acquiring knowledge

A Comparative Study on Weighted Central Moment and Its Application in 2D Shape Retrieval

Moment invariants have been extensively studied and widely used in object recognition. The pioneering investigation of moment invariants in pattern recognition was due to Hu, where a set of moment invariants for similarity transformation were developed using the theory of algebraic invariants. This paper details a comparative analysis on several modifications of the original Hu moment invariants which are used to describe and retrieve two-dimensional (2D) shapes with a single closed contour. The main contribution of this paper is that we propose several different weighting functions to calculate the central moment according to human visual processing. The comparative results are detailed through experimental analysis. The results suggest that the moment invariants improved by weighting functions can get a better retrieval performance than the original one does